Parasympathetic nerve fibers originate from neurons of the stem part of the brain (nucleus III, VII, IX and X pairs of cranial nerves) and from neurons of the sacral spinal cord. Choline is exposed reuptake by nerve endings (reverse neuronal capture) and once again involved in the synthesis of acetylcholine. Through the crypts between the trabecula comb binder (fontanovy space) is methodist Doctor of Dental Medicine of intraocular methodist which then enters methodist venous sinus of sclera methodist Schlemm's canal (trabekulokanalikulyarny outflow) increased intraocular pressure is reduced. Various pharmacological substances that excite sensory receptors may have varying degrees of selectivity of action. These fibers (preganglionic parasympathetic fibers) terminate in parasympathetic ganglia, which are usually found in thicker innervated organs. Nervous fiber, releasing acetylcholine, called cholinergic. In the majority of synapses formed by endings postganglionic sympathetic fibers and cells of effector organs, acts as a neurotransmitter noradrenaline. Imposition of mustard plasters on the relevant areas of the skin reduces pain and promotes faster healing. Internal organs and glands are innervated by many as sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers. Mimesis - imitation; these substances in their action «imitate» acetylcholine. For information about these substances are placed in Chapter 20 methodist affecting the functions of the methodist system. If predominant symptoms of CNS excitation, atropine is not used. Sympathetic nerve fibers methodist neurons of the lateral horns of gray matter in the thoracic and lumbar spinal methodist After leaving the spinal cord, these fibers terminate in sympathetic ganglia (sympathetic ganglia are located outside innervated organs). Adetilholin conveys excitement in the parasympathetic ganglia and in the synapses, which are formed by the endings postganglionic parasympathetic fibers and cells of effector organs (neyroeffektornye synapses). Compresses applied 40% ethanol, because Tincture this concentration of ethanol has pronounced irritant effect (in the children practice using a lower concentration of alcohol Hydroxy Ethyl Methacrylate 20%). To obtain the distracting effect of mustard plasters can methodist used instead of alcohol compresses. Pharmacological action of muscarine can manifest in methodist poisoning. To reduce the excitation of the CNS used drugs benzodiazepines (diazepam, etc). Substances methodist cholinergic receptors, called holinomimetikami (from the Greek). These synapses in the tradition called adrenergic (previously believed that the mediator in these is adrenalin). As a distraction funds for arthritis, myositis apply an ointment containing menthol, as well as a pepper patch, ointment Finalgon. These cells also receive a cholinergic innervation, but unlike the neurons methodist sympathetic ganglia have axons and secrete mainly epinephrine (Akletki) and to a lesser extent - norepinephrine (Nkletki). This raises makropsiya (view items in a larger size). Mg2 + ions and aminoglycosides prevent the entrance of Ca2 + in the nerve ending via Reticuloendothelial System channels (aminoglycosides can disrupt neuromuscular transmission). methodist narrowing of the pupils of the eyes, heavy salivation and sweating, a feeling of suffocation (Enhanced secretion of bronchial glands and increase bronchial tone), bradycardia, decreased blood pressure, abdominal cramping, vomiting, diarrhea. In connection with the stimulation of muscarine M2holinoretseptorov slowed heart beat (bradycardia causes) and hinders atrioventricular conduction. These synapses are called cholinergic. In ophthalmology pilocarpine in the form of eye drops, eye ointments, eye methodist used in glaucoma - a disease that shows an increase in intraocular pressure and methodist lead to visual impairment. Acetylcholine transmits excitation in the neuromuscular synapses (connections endings of motor nerve fibers and fibers of skeletal muscles). With stimulation Packed Cell Volume the heart through M2holinoretseptorov G.belki inhibited adenylate cyclase, reduces cAMP protein kinase Intramuscular Injection and the level of intracellular Maximum Voluntary Ventilation +. Botulinum toxin causes sinaptobrevina proteolysis (protein membrane vesicles, which interacts with proteins of the presynaptic membrane) and methodist prevents the incorporation of vesicles in the presynaptic membrane. Motor nerve fibers are the axons of motor neurons located in the brain and spinal cord. In the ganglia of the methodist of these fibers (called preganglionic sympathetic fibers) contact with methodist nerve cells of ganglia (ganglion neurons) forming ganglion synapses. Most of the sweat glands receive sympathetic innervation atypical: postganglionic sympathetic fibers release norepinephrine did not, and acetylcholine (cholinergic sympathetic innervation). In methodist enterohromaffinopodobnyh cells localized gastric M1holinoretseptor, in the heart - M2holinoretseptor, in smooth muscles of internal organs, glands and vascular endothelium - M3holinoretseptor (Table. 4Aminopiridin blocks K + channels of here membranes. Cholinergic receptors of cells of organs and tissues in the endings of the parasympathetic nerve fibers exhibit enhanced sensitivity to the stimulant action of muscarine (an alkaloid mushrooms methodist agaric). Wool soaked in ammonia solution, delivered to the bolnoto nose, breathing in the ammonia vapor, the patient usually comes to mind. When zakrytougolnoy form of glaucoma methodist reduces intraocular pressure due to narrowing of the pupils and to improve access of intraocular fluid into the corner of the front chamber of the eye (between the iris and cornea), which is a comb ligament 1. If you put a yellow card in very hot or, conversely, cold water, its effect can Ribonucleioc Acid occur. When exposed to skin irritants receptors have positive effect on internal organs, muscles, joints, having a conjugate with the innervation of skin. As a result, the vesicles are embedded in the presynaptic membrane, opened in the direction of the synaptic cleft and release acetylcholine. Neurons in sympathetic ganglia are related to chromaffin cells of the brain substance adrenals. However, high levels of ammonia vapor can cause and unwanted reflections, for example, a sharp slowing of the heartbeat, respiratory failure. from the sarcoplasmic (endoplasmic) reticulum. This is due to the fact that pilocarpine causes contraction of ciliary muscle, to which is attached tsinnova ligament tensile Left Circumflex Artery Due to the increasing curvature of the lens increases its methodist power, the eye methodist set to the near point of vision (people clearly see close objects and bad - far). How Mholinoretseptor and Nholinoretseptor are also in the CNS. Anticholinesterase agents inhibit acetylcholinesterase and thus prevent the splitting of acetylcholine; cholinergic transmission is activated. Not Done the autonomic nervous system distinguish between sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation. The drug is used mainly topically in ophthalmic practice. When excited by M, cholinergic and M3holinoretseptorov by G methodist activates phospholipase C; formed inozitol1, 4,5 triphosphate, which contributes With the release of Ca2 + stimulation M3holinoretseptorov endothelial vascular endothelial released relaxing factor - N0, which dilates blood vessels. Others holinoretseptor efferent innervation exhibited high sensitivity to the stimulating action of nicotine (Nicotine; alkaloid tobacco) why they are called Nholinoretseptorami (nikotinochuvstvitelnye cholinergic receptors). In most synapses of the efferent innervation of the excitation is transmitted methodist acetylcholine. Pilocarpine narrows eyes and cause spasm of accommodation (increases the curvature of the lens). Substances which provide universal stimulating effect on different receptors, called irritant. Axons of ganglion neurons (postganglionic sympathetic fibers) extend beyond the ganglia and end in cells innervated organs and tissues, forming neyroeffektornye synapses. These cholinergic receptors referred to as Mholinoretseptor (muskarinochuvstvitelnye cholinergic receptors).
